Farm Wikipedia. Typical plan of a mediaeval English manor, showing the use of field strips. A farm is an area of land that is devoted primarily to agricultural processes with the primary objective of producing food and other crops it is the basic facility in food production. The name is used for specialised units such as arable farms, vegetable farms, fruit farms, dairy, pig and poultry farms, and land used for the production of natural fibres, biofuel and other commodities. It includes ranches, feedlots, orchards, plantations and estates, smallholdings and hobby farms, and includes the farmhouse and agricultural buildings as well as the land. In modern times the term has been extended so as to include such industrial operations as wind farms and fish farms, both of which can operate on land or sea. Farming originated independently in different parts of the world, as hunter gatherer societies transitioned to food production rather than, food capture. It may have started about 1. Respiratory Diseases. There are many common and important diseases which can affect the respiratory system air passages, lungs, air sacs of poultry see Table 1. The following list contains more than 300 easytoread titles covering organic production, livestock, horticultural crops, business and marketing, farm energy, water. The Soil and Health Albert Howard. An Agricultural Testament by Sir Albert Howard, Oxford University Press, 1940. Oracle Rac Study Material Pdf. This is the book that started the organic farming. Fertile Crescent in western Asia, soon to be followed by the cultivation of crops. Modern units tend to specialise in the crops or livestock best suited to the region, with their finished products being sold for the retail market or for further processing, with farm products being traded around the world. Modern farms in developed countries are highly mechanized. Highlights the regions major crops plus legislative, environmental and regulatory issues that affect farmers in the Delta region who harvest cotton, soybeans, rice. Offers a collection of researchbased information about Mississippi farms, homes, and communities. The Illinois Department of Agriculture works to protect plants and crops from harmful insects and diseases. Irrigation water management primarily aims to control the volume and frequency of irrigation water applied to crops, so as to meet crop needs while conserving water. In the United States, livestock may be raised on rangeland and finished in feedlots and the mechanization of crop production has brought about a great decrease in the number of agricultural workers needed. In Europe, traditional family farms are giving way to larger production units. In Australia, some farms are very large because the land is unable to support a high stocking density of livestock because of climatic conditions. In less developed countries, small farms are the norm, and the majority of rural residents are subsistence farmers, feeding their families and selling any surplus products in the local market. Etymologyedit. A farmer harvesting crops with mule drawn wagon, 1. Iowa, USAThe word in the sense of an agricultural land holding derives from the verb to farm a revenue source, whether taxes, customs, rents of a group of manors or simply to hold an individual manor by the feudal land tenure of fee farm. The word is from the medieval Latin noun firma, also the source of the French word ferme, meaning a fixed agreement, contract,2 from the classical Latin adjective firmus meaning strong, stout, firm. As in the medieval age virtually all manors were engaged in the business of agriculture, which was their principal revenue source, so to hold a manor by the tenure of fee farm became synonymous with the practice of agriculture itself. Historyedit. Map of the world showing approximate centers of origin of agriculture and its spread in prehistory the Fertile Crescent 1. BP, the Yangtze and Yellow River basins 9,0. BP, and the New Guinea Highlands 9,0. BP, Central Mexico 5,0. Kql-4vECjk/hqdefault.jpg' alt='Poultry Farm Management System Pdf' title='Poultry Farm Management System Pdf' />BP, Northern South America 5,0. BP, sub Saharan Africa 5,0. Canon 1210 Driver Win 7 64Bit. BP, exact location unknown, eastern North America 4,0. BP. 5Farming has been innovated at multiple different points and places in human history. The transition from hunter gatherer to settled, agricultural societies is called the Neolithic Revolution and first began around 1. Holocene6 around 1. It was the worlds first historically verifiable revolution in agriculture. The Sims 2 Pets Cheats For Gamecube Codes on this page. Subsequent step changes in human farming practices were provoked by the British Agricultural Revolution in the 1. Green Revolution of the second half of the 2. Farming spread from the Middle East to Europe and by 4,0. BC people that lived in the central part of Europe were using oxen to pull plows and wagons. Types of farmeditA farm may be owned and operated by a single individual, family, community, corporation or a company, may produce one or many types of produce, and can be a holding of any size from a fraction of a hectare9 to several thousand hectares. A farm may operate under a monoculture system or with a variety of cereal or arable crops, which may be separate from or combined with raising livestock. Specialist farms are often denoted as such, thus a dairy farm, fish farm, poultry farm or mink farm. Some farms may not use the word at all, hence vineyard grapes, orchard nuts and other fruit, market garden or truck farm vegetables and flowers. Some farms may be denoted by their topographical location, such as a hill farm, while large estates growing cash crops such as cotton or coffee may be called plantations. Many other terms are used to describe farms to denote their methods of production, as in collective, corporate, intensive, organic or vertical. Other farms may primarily exist for research or education, such as an ant farm, and since farming is synonymous with mass production, the word farm may be used to describe wind power generation or puppy farm. Specialized farmseditDairy farmeditDairy farming is a class of agriculture, where female cattle, goats, or other mammals are raised for their milk, which may be either processed on site or transported to a dairy for processing and eventual retail sale There are many breeds of cattle that can be milked some of the best producing ones include Holstein, Norwegian Red, Kostroma, Brown Swiss, and more. In most Western countries, a centralized dairy facility processes milk and dairy products, such as cream, butter, and cheese. In the United States, these dairies are usually local companies, while in the southern hemisphere facilities may be run by very large nationwide or trans national corporations such as Fonterra. Dairy farms generally sell male calves for vealmeat, as dairy breeds are not normally satisfactory for commercial beef production. Many dairy farms also grow their own feed, typically including corn, alfalfa, and hay. This is fed directly to the cows, or stored as silage for use during the winter season. Additional dietary supplements are added to the feed to improve milk production. Poultry farmeditPoultry farms are devoted to raising chickens egg layers or broilers, turkeys, ducks, and other fowl, generally for meat or eggs. Pig farmeditA pig farm is one that specializes in raising pigs or hogs for bacon, ham and other pork products and may be free range, intensive, or both. Prison farmeditPrison farms are farms which serve as prisons for people sentenced to hard labor by a court. On prison farms inmates run the important tasks of a farm and producing crops. OwnershipeditFarm control and ownership has traditionally been a key indicator of status and power, especially in Medieval European agrarian societies. The distribution of farm ownership has historically been closely linked to form of government. Medieval feudalism was essentially a system that centralized control of farmland, control of farm labor and political power, while the early American democracy, in which land ownership was a prerequisite for voting rights, was built on relatively easy paths to individual farm ownership. However, the gradual modernization and mechanization of farming, which greatly increases both the efficiency and capital requirements of farming, has led to increasingly large farms.